When you step up to the plate, when you’re facing fierce competitors and all eyes are on you, sometimes you have to swing for the fences. That’s what Harley-Davidson — a 118-year-old American motorcycle manufacturer known primarily for cruisers and baggers — has done with its new Pan America 1250 and Pan America 1250 Special adventure tourers.
Harley is a new player in the adventure touring segment, which has grown in breadth and depth over the past several decades. BMW recently introduced a 40th anniversary edition of its highly popular — and very capable — R 1250 GS. And there are big-league adventure bikes made by Ducati, Honda, KTM, Moto Guzzi, Suzuki, Triumph, and Yamaha, many of which are best-selling models with years of development and evolution under their belts.
During more than a decade of largely stagnant motorcycle sales since the Great Recession, large-displacement adventure and dual-sport models have been a rare source of growth. Harley wants a cut of that action. As it demonstrated with the release of the LiveWire electric motorcycle, Harley wants to expand its customer base. Two ways it can do that are to sell new models to its existing customers, and sell new models to new customers. Some existing customers own a variety of motorcycles, like Rider contributor Bruce Gillies, who owns a Road Glide Ultra, a Triumph Tiger 800XC and a KTM 690 Enduro R. Bruce is retired from the U.S. Navy and buys American-made products whenever he can. He’s also a highly skilled rider who demands a lot from his motorcycles. He’d consider buying a Pan America, but only if it meets his high expectations.
Rest assured, Bruce. The Motor Company knocked this one out of the park.
[Editor’s Note: After this story was published, Bruce traded in his Triumph for a Pan America 1250 Special with ARH, and he loves it.]Harley designed and built an exciting, capable and innovative adventure bike in its first attempt. Given the high profile of the Pan America and the eagerness of naysayers to pounce on any weakness, Harley knew it couldn’t release an odd-duck motorcycle. It learned that lesson with the Buell Ulysses. Belt drive is out, chain drive is in, not only because a chain is light, durable in off-road situations and can be repaired in the field, but also because that’s what many adventure riders demand. A V-twin engine stays true to the brand, but it has to be liquid-cooled and offer the power and sophistication necessary to compete in this segment. The new Revolution Max 1250 V-twin makes a claimed 150 horsepower and 94 lb-ft of torque, and ride modes change output and throttle response at the touch of a button.
Harley also knew it needed a hook — a killer app, if you will. And that’s Adaptive Ride Height (ARH), a $1,000 factory-installed option on the Pan America 1250 Special that automatically lowers ride height, and therefore the pilot’s seat, by 1 to 2 inches as the bike comes to a stop. The Special’s semi-active suspension automatically adjusts preload to 30% sag regardless of load, which is what accounts for the range of height adjustment. The system works seamlessly and virtually undetectably, and makes a huge difference in effective seat height. ARH is a real game-changer because seat height is one of the biggest obstacles for some riders to overcome when considering an adventure bike. Furthermore, it brings seat height within reach of more riders without compromising suspension travel or cornering clearance. (Click here to read our technical deep dive into the Pan America 1250’s Revolution Max engine and ARH.)
After years of development and benchmarking, not to mention teasing at shows and speculation by the media, the first public test of the Pan America was at its press launch. I have to hand it to the folks who planned the event — this was no bunny slope test ride. Hosted at RawHyde Adventures’ Zakar training facility a couple hours north of Los Angeles, we spent two full days flogging Pan America 1250 Specials on- and off-road in the Sierra Nevada mountains and Mojave Desert. We rode nearly 400 miles on highways, twisting mountain roads and off-road trails that included gravel, sand, rocks, tricky climbs and descents — even a few jumps.
Greg’s Gear
Helmet: Fly Racing Odyssey Adventure Modular
Jacket: Fly Racing Terra Trek
Gloves: Fly Racing Coolpro Force
Pants: Fly Racing Terra Trek
Boots: Fly Racing FR5
As the saying goes, you never get a second chance to make a first impression. After tip-toeing down the sand-and-gravel access road from Zakar to the pavement and falling into formation on Route 58 with the dozen riders in our group, I began taking mental notes. As with many full-sized adventure bikes, the Pan America was comfortable and accommodating, with plenty of legroom, an upright seating position and a relaxed reach to a wide handlebar. Before the ride began, Harley’s tech staff helped us adjust the dual-height stock seat (33.4/34.4 inches), install either the accessory low or high seat (which reduce or increase the dual heights by 1 inch, respectively) or install accessory 2-inch handlebar risers.
The whole business of seat heights becomes a little fuzzy because we were on Pan America 1250 Specials with ARH installed. At a stop, the unladen height of the stock seat in the low position is 32.7 inches rather than 33.4 inches without ARH. In its specs Harley also provides laden seat height with a 180-pound rider, which is 31.1 inches on the Special without ARH and 30.4 inches with ARH. Install the $249.95 Reach Solo Seat on an ARH-equipped Special and laden seat height can be as low as 29.4 inches. In other words, Harley went to great lengths to make sure seat height is not a barrier to owning a Pan America, though getting exactly what you want may require an investment.
After humming along the freeway for a half hour with the cruise control on and the on-the-fly adjustable windscreen parting the air smoothly, we turned onto Caliente-Bodfish Road, one of the gnarliest paved roads in the Sierra foothills, and began to wick it up. The Pan America offers eight ride modes — Sport, Road, Rain, Off-Road, Off-Road Plus and three custom modes — which adjust power output, throttle response, engine braking, traction control, ABS and suspension damping. The Revolution Max 1250 is ripper, with a sportbike-like sound, feel and responsiveness, and, thanks to variable valve timing, it delivers generous low-end torque as well as a screaming top end.
As has become increasingly common, rather than bolting the engine to the frame, the engine serves as the main structural element of the chassis. Attached directly to the engine are a front frame that incorporates the steering head, a forged aluminum mid frame that’s the attachment point for the cast aluminum swingarm and a tubular-steel trellis subframe. Overall the chassis is stiff and robust, contributing to the Pan America 1250 Special’s neutral, stable handling. And Harley used tried-and-trusted component suppliers, with a steering damper made by Öhlins, radial-mount monoblock 4-piston front calipers made by Brembo and suspension made by Showa — a 47mm USD Balance Free Fork and a Balanced Free Rear Cushion-lite shock, both with 7.5 inches of travel. Everything performed to a high level in a wide range of conditions.
Standard on the Pan America are cast aluminum wheels (19-inch front, 17-inch rear) shod with specially designed Michelin Scorcher Adventure 90/10 tires, which offered good grip and handling on pavement and during light off-roading. Bikes we tested were equipped with the optional side-laced tubeless wheels (which cost $500 and weigh 14 pounds more than the cast wheels). On the second day, our bikes were fitted with accessory Michelin Anakee Wild 50/50 tires ($449.90), which give up some confidence and grip on pavement but are excellent off-road tires, even at the higher street temperatures we were running. Harley’s RDRS Safety Enhancements package includes IMU-enabled “cornering enhanced” linked ABS and traction control, with settings determined by ride mode (the cornering function and rear ABS are disabled in certain off-road modes). Drag-Torque Slip Control, which is like traction control for the engine to manage rear-wheel traction during aggressive riding, as well as cruise control and hill hold control are also part of the package.
Reactions to the Pan America’s styling have been mixed. Lacking the prominent beak or high front fender that is popular on many ADV bikes, it stands apart from the crowd, with a headlight design influenced by the Fat Bob and front bodywork inspired by the Road Glide’s sharknose fairing. Above the Daymaker Signature LED headlight, which uses 30 LED elements behind a diffuser lens, the Special has a Daymaker Adaptive LED headlight that illuminates a series of three lights as lean angle reaches 8, 15 and 23 degrees.
Harley offers a standard version of the Pan America 1250 that starts at $17,319, but many buyers will probably opt for the Pan America 1250 Special we tested. Starting at $19,999, the Special adds semi-active suspension with automatic preload adjustment (and the availability of ARH as a factory option), the adaptive headlight, the steering damper, a tire-pressure monitoring system, a centerstand, an aluminum skid plate, engine protection bars, hand guards, heated grips and a dual-height rear brake pedal.
In one shot, Harley-Davidson not only built its first adventure bike, it also built its first sportbike and sport-touring bike. We hammered the Pan Americas for two days, and they never gave up or reacted in an unexpected way or felt out of their depth. Whatever the metric — power, performance, handling, durability, technology, weight, price — the Pan America 1250 Special can compete head-to-head with well-established players in the ADV segment. Is it the best overall, or in any particular category? Well, that remains to be seen — two days and 400 miles, none of which were ridden back-to-back with competitors in the class, is not enough to draw firm conclusions. But this is one rookie that shows great promise.
2021 Harley-Davidson Pan America 1250 Special Specs
Base Price: $19,999
Price as Tested: $22,299 (ARH, side-laced wheels, Anakee Wild tires, skid plate)
Website: harley-davidson.com
Engine Type: Liquid-cooled, transverse 60-degree V-twin, DOHC w/ 4 valves per cyl.
Displacement: 1,252cc
Bore x Stroke: 105 x 72mm
Horsepower: 150 @ 9,000 rpm (claimed, at the crank)
Torque: 94 lb-ft @ 6,750 rpm (claimed, at the crank)
Transmission: 6-speed, cable-actuated assist-and-slipper wet clutch
Final Drive: Chain
Wheelbase: 62.2 in.
Rake/Trail: 25 degrees/4.3 in.
Seat Height: 32.7/33.7 in. (unladen w/ ARH)
Wet Weight: 559 lbs. (claimed, stock)
Fuel Capacity: 5.6 gals.
As a KLR rider, the Pan America is way out of my price range but I am still happy that HD made such a good bike right off the bat. Living in Milwaukee I also get some extremely interesting behind-the-scenes bits of information from the Harley engineers I enjoy a beer with from time to time.
It is clear that there was no holding back with this great effort.
I am also quite impressed with Harley’s effort with this bike. I currently own a K1200LT and a KLR650. I am not really in the market for a large adventure bike and I would want shaft drive so that is the one thing that Harley did “leave on the table” unfortunately. After 30 years of shaft drive motorcycles, buying the KLR in 2017 reminded me of how much I hated chain maintenance!
The Revolution Max engine looks outstanding, particularly the no maintenance hydraulic lifters (BMW are you paying attention?). Now, if they will just build a luxury touring bike around this engine, I may have to trade in the old 2007 LT for a Harley. I never thought I’d see the day that I would take Harley seriously, but this bike, and particularly this engine, has my attention. The real question is where do they go from here?
A viable contender among the big bore ADVs. Congrats to HD for doing this well with a totally new bike for them. Nice engine design and suspension tech but pricey loaded up (as too are some of the competition). My KTM Adventure R is my kind of ADV though at 100 lbs. lighter, many thousands of $$ cheaper and more off road capable.
Although Adventure bikes are not by cup of tea, I applaud the Motor Company in its effort to move forward and offer something in this segment. I, also, hope they build some bikes around this engine that might interest riders like me. I owned a Night Rod for five years and put a lot of touring miles on it. I looked at the Pan America at my local (65 miles away) dealer and it is an impressive looking machine. I’d imagine a lot of mud and rocks hammering the radiator and some of the exposed electronics. I would think there would be a little more protection from that. I’m sure the engineers considered that and just decided it would not be an issue. We’ll see. It’s a lot of $$, but it’s a lot of motorcycle.
Greg, thanks for the mention! Yes, I do demand a lot from my bikes. I also had a Buell Ulysses which sounded great, but fell a bit short in off-road capability. I’ve ridden (and dropped) adventure bikes in Death Valley, ridden up to Mount Evans at 14,130 feet, and ridden across the country (and back). My motto is, “It ain’t an adventure until there is a water crossing.”
I’ve had the Pan America Special for 1200 miles and a month now. By far one of the best motorcycles (not just adventure motorcycles) I’ve ever ridden…and I’ve ridden a lot of motorcycles. If you are even THINKING about a new adventure bike, you really need to give the Pan Am a serious look.
We’ll see if it holds up as well as the other adv bikes (KTM 990 Adventure R, VStrom 1000, Tiger 800 XCx). So far, it is an amazing “Smiles for miles” deal.
I like it, I like it a lot! Kudos to HD for such a unique design. The motor is stunning modern marvel. As a happy used Triumph 800xc owner I won’t consider buying the new HD, its too much $$$ for me, but maybe a used one in a few years?
I had a 1955, 165cc Harley Hummer 2-stroke stock hardtail. I rode it in the Vermont mud and snow until I couldn’t get a front sprocket for it. It was great, but I have not considered a Harley since. BMW R51/3, Triumph 750 Bonneville, Honda 305 Superhawk, BMW R 1200GS, Honda CRF450RL, but no Harleys. I am moving from heavy to light as I age, but a few years ago this HD would have been a contender! Well done, Milwaukee! I just bought some HOG stock as a vote of confidence!
I’ve had 4 previous Adventure bikes (2 KTM’s, 1 Yamaha, 1 Triumph) and the Pan Am “Special” is definitely the best “all-around” of the bunch. I’d even rate it pretty high in the “sport-tour” category. I currently have a bit over 1800 mi on it with both on & off road riding. The only change I’ve made is a switch to Dunlop’s “Mission” tires.
If you’re into riding fast on rough terrain, the KTM’s suspension is a little bit better. But in every other way, I’d opt for the Pan Am and its really excellent motor and sporty handling. I’m also pretty confident from the amount of thought that went into it, that dependability was also given good consideration (like the hydraulic lifters).
Who makes the engine???
It’s built by Harley-Davidson